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Atlanta's Weekly E-Magazine                              Apr 6th - Apr 13th,   2001
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IMAGES:  From The South Pole.
The Top Hat Project courtesy of NASA.

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TopHat Project
Understanding the
Big-Bang
Measuring the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR). We can gain valuable insights and understanding of the origin and evolution of our universe.

The Big Bang is the generally accepted theory as to how the Universe began. The idea is that it started out very hot and very small. As time went on, the universe expanded and cooled enough for helium and hydrogen (the lightest elements) to form. This happened between 150,000 and 300,000 years after the Big Bang. Since at the time the universe was very hot (over 3,000 degrees Celsius!) the universe "glowed" . The CMBR is the leftover radiation from that glow.
It took yet another 11 billion years for our sun and the Earth to form. All this time the universe has continued to expand and cool off. In fact, we can measure this expansion in the stars and galaxies around us today!

TopHat measures the brightness of the CMBR in different parts of the sky. This tells us which areas of the universe were extra hot and which areas were extra cold when the hydrogen and helium were produced. It turns out that, with TopHat's measurements of the distribution of these hot and cold spots on the sky we can explore some very fundamental questions, including:

  • Why is the universe expanding?
  • How fast is it expanding?
  • Will it expand forever? or will it start contracting?
  • How much of our universe is made up of the same materials that we're made of?





















































Editor's Corner

FANTACY  RESORTS
The MGM Grand with its recent acquisition of the Mirage Properties offers a total of seven resort and casinos, all exclusively luxurious and all located in Las Vegas, Nevada with the exception of Beau Rivage which is located in Biloxi, Mississippi. Each one of the seven properties is a gem. Each one offers a unique attraction.
The Mirage has its famous volcano erupting every fifteen minutes after sunset. Next door, the Treasure Island displays the battle between the pirates' frigate named "Espaniola" and Great Britain's prime frigate called "H.M.S. Britania".
A spectacular display of naval warfare where at the end the pirates succeed in sinking H.M.S. Britania. New York New York is a replica of New York City with its Statue of Liberty, Brooklyn Bridge, SoHo and Pier 66 on the Hudson River. MGM Grand is the largest hotel in the whole world. It offers 5005 rooms and suites. Golden Nugget in downtown Las Vegas offers its unique style of luxury. So does the Beau Rivage in Biloxi. It is truly southern hospitality in ultimate luxury.

Finally, we come to the most recent addition, the Bellagio. It cost over \\$1.4 billion dollars. It is the epitome of grandeur and luxury. Its dancing waters on the front lake make pedestrians stop and watch the show in absolute wonder. Its fresh flowers in the lobby and the aroma of fresh flowers makes you feel in springtime, or summer depending on the seasonal flowers. The ceiling in the lobby is an art in itself. It consists of hundreds of colorful large poppies. Bright yellow and orange and red and green and blue. An amazing assortment of colors all in the shape of large poppies. It cost a cool $1 million dollars the ceiling alone.

Mandalay Resorts is a conglomorate of 13 resorts and casinos spread over five states. It is the only organization which has the most properties in the state of Nevada. Nine to be exact.

They started originally with Circus Circus in Las Vegas, Nevada and subsequently they added Circus Circus in Reno, Nevada. They built the Excaliber on the strip which at the time was one of the largest hotels with 4,400 rooms. Then came the Luxor which has a distinctly unique Egyptian motif. Almost at the same time, they went ahead in building the Monte Carlo in partnership with other entities. And finally came the masterpieceMandalay Bay, the second tallest building in Las Vegas which was completed last year. Incidentally, all five properties in Las Vegas are prominently located on the strip. The remaining four properties in Nevada are the Silver Legacy and Circus Circus in Reno, Nevada and the Railroad Pass and Nevada Landing in Jean, Nevada.

In addition to the above nine properties which represent the greater source of revenue, they have four other properties in four different states. The Colorado Belle in Colorado; the Gold Strike in Tunica, Mississippi; the Motor City in Detroit, Michigan and the Grand Victoria in Elgin, Illinois. You can visit any one of the 13 properties by clicking on the name of the resort. You can register on-line with the Mandalay Bay and become a member of their Paradise Club. It will keep you informed of any special packages they may have at any given date. Right now they are offering a special package during April for \\$109.00 which includes your room for one night, plus two $25.00 airline certificates which you can use in any airline, plus a free visit to the Mandalay Spa (a $50.00 value).

What makes the Mandalay Bay unique and separates it from the rest of the casinos in Las Vegas is its collection of art crafts in the hotel and the water facilities outside of the hotel. To begin with, it offers the largest man-made beach in Las Vegas, maintaining an 84 degree warm water year around. The unique feature in the beach is the man-made waves which allow the swimmers to do mini-surfing. In addition to the beach, Mandalay Bayoffers a 3/4 mile long river where swimmers float on plastic tubes at a peaceful 2-mile pace. Finally it has a 90,000 square feet aquarium filled with all kinds of marine species, ranging from sharks and turtles to colorful tropical fish. Well, there you have it. Whether you are a player or a non-player you can get the entertainement your heart desires in any one of these fantasy resorts. .


James C. Stathis
Associate Editor